The exact cause of appendix cancer is unknown. However, certain factors that increase the risk of appendix cancer have been identified, and they are termed “risk factors.” It is possible to modify one’s risk of appendix cancer by adopting certain preventive measures.
Refraining from tobacco and alcohol consumption, consuming a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight are a few measures that can help reduce the risk of appendix cancer.
Most Common Appendix Cancer Risk Factors
The following are some of the common appendix cancer risk factors:
Age
Age is one of the most dominant and consistent appendix cancer risk factors. The risk of appendix cancer increases as a person ages. The incidence of appendix cancer in children is rare. People over 50 are most affected by appendix cancer. Historically, appendix cancer has been a rare condition. However, recent studies have reported an increasing incidence of this cancer. Further, studies have also reported that the trend for diagnosing appendix cancer at an earlier age has increased over the last ten years.
Gender
There are reports of gender bias in the occurrence of appendix cancer. Certain studies have reported that the risk of developing all types of appendix cancer is almost equal in men and women, except for malignant carcinoid tumors, for which women are at a higher risk.
Smoking
Smoking and using tobacco products increase the risk of various cancers, like lung cancer and appendix cancer, compared to people who do not use tobacco products and do not smoke. The chronic exposure of the tissues in the appendix to the chemicals present in tobacco can lead to mutations in these cells and eventually, the development of cancer.
Obesity
It has been reported that almost 4% of all cancers are attributed to obesity, and therefore, obesity is one of the appendix cancer risk factors. People who are obese are also at increased risk of dying of cancer, which alters the choice of treatment. It has also been found that the preferred site for carcinoid tumors is the appendix in patients with obesity.
Diabetes
Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of developing several types of cancer. Studies have reported that cancer and diabetes are more frequently diagnosed in the same individuals, even after age adjustments. Although the exact reason for the simultaneous occurrence of both diseases is unknown, it may probably be due to similar risk factors for diabetes and cancer, such as smoking, obesity, aging, and physical inactivity.
Radiation
Radiation therapy involves guiding high-energy radiation on the cancer cells. However, in some cases, healthy cells are also affected. When radiation therapy is used to treat cancers of the gastrointestinal tract or pelvic organs, the cells of the appendix may also be exposed to radiation. It increases the risk of appendix cancer.
Appendix Cancer Prevention Measures
The answer to the question, “How to prevent appendix cancer?” lies in the appendix cancer prevention measures listed below:
Regular Medical Check-ups
Certain people, such as older adults and people with certain medical conditions, are at increased risk of developing appendix cancer. It is important to undergo regular medical check-ups to understand the increased risk of developing appendix cancer. Do not ignore any of the symptoms that cause concern, and get them checked immediately to rule out serious conditions.
Diet
A healthy diet reduces the overall risk of developing cancer. One possible mechanism is strengthening the immune system, which identifies and kills the abnormal cells. People should eat a healthy diet comprising whole grains, lean protein, and fresh vegetables and fruits. A healthy diet also reduces obesity, a risk factor for various cancers.
Physical Activity
Regular physical activity may increase the chances of appendix cancer prevention. Physical activity enhances the immune system and manages stress levels. Further, it helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces the risk of obesity.
Tobacco and Alcohol
Refraining from tobacco and limiting the consumption of alcohol may aid in potential appendix cancer prevention. Quitting smoking or not starting smoking helps reduce the risk of mutations in the appendix cells due to exposure to carcinogens.
Maintain a Healthy Weight
People who are overweight or obese are at increased risk for cancer. It is important to maintain a healthy weight. A healthy weight can be obtained by eating a balanced diet, avoiding processed foods, and performing regular physical activity.
Manage Chronic Condition
Several underlying medical conditions increase the risk of appendix cancer. These conditions include atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Diagnosing and appropriately managing these conditions is important to reduce the risk of appendix cancer.
Genetic Counseling and Testing
Studies have reported an association between appendix cancer and genetics. People with a family history of appendix cancer or who are suffering from multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome should undergo genetic counseling and testing to determine their risk of developing appendix cancer.
Know the Warning Signs
People, especially those at increased risk for appendix cancer, should know various symptoms of appendix cancer, such as abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Never ignore these symptoms and book an appointment with a healthcare provider.
Follow Medical Advice
Medical advice should be followed at all levels. It may be related to managing underlying medical conditions that increase the risk of appendix cancer. It may also be related to the prevention of cancer recurrence after the completion of treatment.
Conclusion
Some of the common appendix cancer risk factors include age, gender, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and radiation. People generally ask about how to avoid appendix cancer. Some appendix cancer prevention measures include maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, managing chronic diseases, regular medical check-ups, consuming a healthy diet, regular physical activity, raising awareness about the disease, and undergoing genetic counseling and testing.
Frequently Asked Questions
There is no study to conclude that drinking lots of water prevents appendix cancer. However, appropriate hydration maintains body health.
A diet comprising fresh vegetables and fruits, lean protein, and whole grains lowers the risk of appendix cancer.
Patients may experience anxiety, depression, and isolation after being diagnosed with appendix cancer. It is important to gather all the information about the disease and possible treatment options. Discuss treatment with healthcare providers. Join the support group to manage isolation and anxiety.
The pain increases as the disease advances. In the early stages, patients may experience mild abdominal pain and discomfort. However, as the disease starts compressing the tissues and the nerves, the severity of the pain increases. However, this pain can be managed and the quality of life can be improved through various approaches.
